Gonad Transcriptome and Whole-Genome DNA Methylation Analyses Reveal Potential Sex Determination/Differentiation Mechanisms of the Deep-Sea Mussel Gigantidas platifrons

Gigantidas platifrons is one of the most dominant deep-sea mussels in cold seeps ecosystems South China sea. Studies have shown that are a gonochoristic species, however, little known about molecular mechanisms sex determination G. . In this study, RNA-seq and WGBS methylation analysis were performed on adult gonads to identify potential sex-related genes generate comprehensive mussels. A total 5923 identified as differentially expressed between ovaries testes, which 2711 female-biased 3212 male-biased. Among them, 161 may participate determination, we found DMRT2 play an important role male FOXL2 , Wnt7 β-catenin impact female determination. Moreover, common expression patterns majority such SOX family, suggesting different habitats conserved. The 5mC levels transcription start sites (TSS2K) significantly higher than other DEGs both gonads. Positive correlation was observed male, effects DNA gene complex female. short, argue mussel mainly controlled by genetic, regulation or differentiation.